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GIMP is designed for high-quality photo manipulation including retouching images and photo restorations. Users can also use it to create original artwork, a feature that many other non-Photoshop editors don’t provide (or have but it can be difficult to use).
1. Image Types It is tempting to think of an image as something that corresponds with a single display window, or to a single file such as a file. In reality, however, a GIMP image is a a complicated structure, containing a stack of layers plus several other types of objects: a selection mask, a set of channels, a set of paths, an 'undo' history, etc. In this section we take a detailed look at the components of a GIMP image, and the things that you can do with them. The most basic property of an image is its mode.
There are three possible modes: RGB, grayscale, and indexed. RGB stands for Red-Green-Blue, and indicates that each point in the image is represented by a “ red” level, a “ green” level, and a “ blue” level; representing a full-color image. Each color channel has 256 possible intensity levels. More details in In a grayscale image, each point is represented by a brightness value, ranging from 0 (black) to 255 (white), with intermediate values representing different levels of gray. In the CMY(K) color model, mixing Cyan, Magenta and Yellow gives Black, which is what happens when you print on a white paper. The printer will actually use the black cartridge for economical reasons and better color rendering.
Conceptually, the difference between a grayscale image and an RGB image is the number of “ color channels”: a grayscale image has one; an RGB image has three. An RGB image can be thought of as three superimposed grayscale images, one colored red, one green, and one blue. Actually, both RGB and grayscale images have one additional color channel called the alpha channel, which represents opacity.
When the alpha value at a given location in a given layer is zero, the layer is completely transparent (you can see through it), and the color at that location is determined by what lies underneath. When alpha is maximal (255), the layer is opaque (you cannot see through it), and the color is determined by the color of the layer. Intermediate alpha values correspond to varying degrees of transparency / opacity: the color at the location is a proportional mixture of color from the layer and color from underneath. An image in Grayscale mode, with the channel corresponding to Luminosity. In GIMP, every color channel, including the alpha channel, has a range of possible values from 0 to 255; in computing terminology, a depth of 8 bits.
Some digital cameras can produce image files with a depth of 16 bits per color channel. GIMP cannot load such a file without losing resolution. In most cases the effects are too subtle to be detected by the human eye, but in some cases, mainly where there are large areas with slowly varying color gradients, the difference may be perceptible. A color image in RGB mode with an Alpha channel. The third type, indexed images, is a bit more complicated to understand. In an indexed image, only a limited set of discrete colors are used, usually 256 or less.
These colors form the “ colormap” of the image, and each point in the image is assigned a color from the colormap. Indexed images have the advantage that they can be represented inside a computer in a way which consumes relatively little memory, and back in the dark ages (say, ten years ago), they were very commonly used. As time goes on, they are used less and less, but they are still important enough to be worth supporting in GIMP.
(Also, there are a few important kinds of image manipulation that are easier to implement with indexed images than with continuous-color RGB images.) Some very commonly used types of files (including and ) produce indexed images when they are opened in GIMP. Many of GIMP's tools don't work very well on indexed images–and many filters don't work at all–because of the limited number of colors available.
Because of this, it is usually best to convert an image to RGB mode before working on it. If necessary, you can convert it back to indexed mode when you are ready to save it GIMP makes it easy to convert from one image type to another, using the command in the Image menu. Some types of conversions, of course (RGB to grayscale or indexed, for example) lose information that cannot be regained by converting back in the other direction.
Mac OS X 10.7.5 Gimp 2.6.11 What The.? OK, I've been holding out asking this question and now I have to ask. I'm trying to learn Gimp Image Editor because I need to do a bunch of image editing for a video for the Veterans. When I try to bring an image in, I can't find my iPhoto Library. Here's a screen shot.
Also, you're supposed to be able to drag in photos, but it won't let me do that either. So I have spent 4 hours today trying to figure this out and got nowhere.
I hope one of you smart guys can tell me what's going on here. Restore my faith in Mac. I suggest you Stop Allowing iPhoto to Import your images, which copies and or moves them into it own Database system. When you take new images, or however you get them, you Copy them to a Folder on your drive then if you chose to use iPhoto there is a setting to NOT Move/Copy then into it own file system. When you import them it will leave them where they are and just make a Catalog of them. That way they will always be accessible to other photo viewing/editing programs without having to use iPhoto.
Or you could spring for a Real Photo cataloging & RAW image editing program like Adobe Lightroom. The correct way to use Gimp - or any image editor - with iPhoto is to use it as an external editor.
You can set Photoshop (or any image editor) as an external editor in iPhoto. (Preferences - General - Edit Photo: Choose from the Drop Down Menu.) This way, when you double click a pic to edit in iPhoto it will open automatically in Photoshop or your Image Editor, and when you save it it's sent back to iPhoto automatically. This is the only way that edits made in another application will be displayed in iPhoto. Nothing dificult about it. First you should get the latest version 2.8.2. It's native now and there is no need for X11. Second if you intend to continue using iPhoto in connection with GIMP then set GIMP as the external editor for iPhoto as I outlined in my previous post.
If you are not going to use iPhoto then just go into the iPhoto Library into the Masters folder and move out all the image files into a folder structure of your choice. And then access the files from there. But I think you'll be better off to continue to use iPhoto for file management and basic edits and then send images to GIMP as needed. Apple Footer.
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